{"id":4245,"date":"2017-08-29T16:11:26","date_gmt":"2017-08-29T13:11:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ekizfidancilik.com\/tr\/?p=4245"},"modified":"2017-08-30T12:52:37","modified_gmt":"2017-08-30T09:52:37","slug":"kekik-yetistiriciligi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ekizfidancilik.com\/tr\/kekik-yetistiriciligi","title":{"rendered":"Kekik Yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi"},"content":{"rendered":"

D\u00fcnya ve T\u00fcrkiye Ekonomisindeki Yeri:<\/strong><\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya pazar\u0131n\u0131n kekik t\u00fcketimi y\u0131ll\u0131k 14 bin tondur. En b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcretici \u00fclkeler Akdeniz \u00fclkeleri ve Meksika\u2019d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye 7.000 ton\/y\u0131l ile en \u00e7ok kekik ihra\u00e7 eden \u00fclkedir. En \u00e7ok kekik ihra\u00e7 etti\u011fimiz \u00fclkeler A.B.D., Fransa ve Hollanda\u2019d\u0131r. \u0130hra\u00e7 edilen \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn % 95\u2019I do\u011fadan % 5\u2019 ise tarla \u00fcretiminden kar\u015f\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r. Do\u011fadan toplanan \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u00e7erisine her t\u00fcrl\u00fc ot kar\u0131\u015fmakta ve farkl\u0131 t\u00fcr kekikler birlikte harmanlanmaktad\u0131r. Zaman\u0131nda hasad\u0131 yap\u0131lan ve iyi Harman edilen 1 kg kuru keki\u011fin fiyat\u0131 uzun y\u0131llar boyunca 1 $ civar\u0131nda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00fcy\u00fck oranda baharat olarak kullan\u0131lmakla birlikte u\u00e7ucu ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n thymol ve cavracrol i\u00e7ermesi nedeniyle eczac\u0131l\u0131k ve parf\u00fcmeri sanayinde de kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130klim ve Toprak \u0130stekleri:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7ok y\u0131ll\u0131k bir bitkidir. Ekonomik \u00f6mr\u00fc 7 y\u0131ld\u0131r. Akdeniz iklimi bitkisi olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen so\u011fuklara dayan\u0131kl\u0131d\u0131r. Toprak y\u00f6n\u00fcnden fazla se\u00e7ici de\u011fildir. Ancak kire\u00e7 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan zengin, t\u0131nl\u0131 topraklarda iyi geli\u015fme g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

Fide Yeti\u015ftirilmesi:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tohumlar \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck oldu\u011fundan do\u011frudan tarlaya ekimde ba\u015far\u0131 \u015fans\u0131 yoktur. Bu nedenle fide yeti\u015ftirme zorunlulu\u011fu vard\u0131r. Fidelik zeminden 15-20 cm. y\u00fckseklikte ve 1 x 20 m. ebad\u0131nda olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Fidelik harc\u0131 elenmi\u015f olarak 1\/3 yanm\u0131\u015f koyun g\u00fcbresi, 1\/3 kum ve 1\/3 humus\u00e7a zengin topraktan olu\u015fmal\u0131 bu harc\u0131n derinli\u011fi 5-10 cm. olmal\u0131, yast\u0131klar gerekirse f\u00fcmige edilmeli, f\u00fcmigasyon sonras\u0131 iyice havaland\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6lgemizde fidelik haz\u0131rlama ve ekim zaman\u0131 15 Ekim – 15 Kas\u0131m aras\u0131d\u0131r. So\u011fuk b\u00f6lgelerde erken tohum ekmek daha yararl\u0131d\u0131r. M2 ye 1,5 gr. Tohum yeterlidir. Ancak tartmadan basit olarak 1 x 20m. ebad\u0131nda (20 m2) fideli\u011fe bir \u00e7ay barda\u011f\u0131 tohum yeterlidir. Tohumu denk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilmek i\u00e7in geni\u015f bir kap i\u00e7ine 2 kg. kadar elenmi\u015f tavl\u0131 kapak topra\u011f\u0131 tohum ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131ma 1 teneke (20 kg.) kapak topra\u011f\u0131 ilave edilerek tekrar kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m 1 x 20m. ebad\u0131ndaki fidelik y\u00fczeyine serpilir. Bunun \u00fczerine kesinlikle kapak topra\u011f\u0131 at\u0131lmaz. Kapak tahtas\u0131 ile pat-pat yap\u0131larak \u00fcst y\u00fczey sertle\u015ftirilir ve s\u00fczge\u00e7li kova ile sulan\u0131r. Bir taraf\u0131 sabitlenen naylon ile \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcr. Sulama topraktaki nem durumuna g\u00f6re az su ile s\u0131k sulama yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Fidelerin \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 beklemeden, tohum ekiminden 15 g\u00fcn sonra yay yap\u0131larak be\u015fik \u00f6rt\u00fcs\u00fc \u015feklinde \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fcr. Hava durumuna g\u00f6re fidelikler havaland\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 ve otlar\u0131 temizlenmelidir.<\/p>\n

Fidelerin S\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc ve Tarlaya Dikim :<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fide dikilecek tarla g\u00fczden s\u00fcr\u00fclmeli,dikim \u00f6ncesi s\u00fcr\u00fcmde dekara 15-15-15 kompoze g\u00fcbreden dekara 30 Kg. verilmelidir. S\u00fcr\u00fcm sonras\u0131 s\u00fcrg\u00fc \u00e7ekilmelidir. Dikim zaman\u0131 t\u00fct\u00fcn dikim zaman\u0131 ile ayn\u0131 olup 15 Nisan-5 May\u0131s aras\u0131d\u0131r. Dikilecek fideler fidelik suland\u0131ktan sonra pullukla veya k\u00fcrekle toprak devrilerek silkelenip \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Aksi takdirde k\u00f6kler uzun oldu\u011fundan elle s\u00f6k\u00fcmde kopma ve soyulmalar oldu\u011fundan fidenin tutma oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer. Silkelenip \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan fideler demetlenip 7-8 cm den k\u00f6kleri k\u0131salt\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Aksi takdirde uzun k\u00f6kler dikim esnas\u0131nda yukar\u0131ya do\u011fru k\u0131vr\u0131laca\u011f\u0131ndan tutma oran\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fer.<\/p>\n

Dikim i\u00e7in en uygunu t\u00fct\u00fcn dikim makinesi ile yap\u0131lan\u0131d\u0131r. Makine yoksa elle dikim de yap\u0131labilir .S\u0131ra aras\u0131 45-50 cm s\u0131ra \u00fczeri 25 cm olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Her iki \u015fekil dikimde mutlaka can suyu verilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131m ve Hasat :<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dikimden sonra yabanc\u0131 ot durumuna g\u00f6re 2-3 defa \u00e7apa yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bi\u00e7im zaman\u0131 \u00e7i\u00e7eklenme d\u00f6nemidir. Bi\u00e7im orakla yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Geni\u015f alanlarda \u00e7ay\u0131r bi\u00e7me makinesi ile de bi\u00e7im yap\u0131labilir. \u0130lk y\u0131l \u00fcr\u00fcn dekardan 20-50 Kg aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fir. Birinci y\u0131l \u00fcr\u00fcn az olsa da gelecek y\u0131llar bitkinin iyi geli\u015fmesi i\u00e7in mutlaka bi\u00e7im yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.Birinci y\u0131ldan sonra kurak \u015fartlarda dekardan ortalama 150 Kg. \u00dcr\u00fcn al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Kurutma ve Harmanlama :<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hasat edilen kekikler tarladan hemen toplanmal\u0131,g\u00f6lgede \u00f6rt\u00fc \u00fczerine serilmelidir. \u0130yi bir kurutma i\u00e7in serme kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 20 cm.yi ge\u00e7memelidir. S\u0131k s\u0131k alt \u00fcst edilerek havaland\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Aksi takdirde k\u0131z\u0131\u015fmaya ve kararmaya neden olur. \u0130deal olan renk a\u00e7\u0131k ye\u015fil olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Yapraklar\u0131 saptan ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kurutulan kekikler temiz bir naylon \u00fczerine aktar\u0131lmal\u0131, burada \u00fczerinden merdane \u00e7ekilmeli veya sopa ile hafif\u00e7e d\u00f6v\u00fclmeli. Bu i\u015f trakt\u00f6rle \u00e7i\u011fnenerek yap\u0131l\u0131rsa kuru yapraklar \u00e7ok ufaland\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan ticari de\u011ferini yitirir. Saplarla yapraklar birbirinden ayr\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra dirgen veya \u00e7atal yard\u0131m\u0131yla saplar yaprak i\u00e7inden ay\u0131klan\u0131r. Hi\u00e7bir yabanc\u0131 madde olmadan telis \u00e7uvallara doldurulur. \u00c7uvallara doldururken \u00e7i\u011fnenmemelidir. \u00dcr\u00fcn sat\u0131l\u0131ncaya kadar serin bir yerde muhafaza edilmelidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00fcnya ve T\u00fcrkiye Ekonomisindeki Yeri: D\u00fcnya pazar\u0131n\u0131n kekik t\u00fcketimi y\u0131ll\u0131k 14 bin tondur. En b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fcretici \u00fclkeler Akdeniz \u00fclkeleri ve Meksika\u2019d\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye 7.000 ton\/y\u0131l ile en \u00e7ok kekik ihra\u00e7 eden \u00fclkedir. En \u00e7ok kekik ihra\u00e7 etti\u011fimiz \u00fclkeler A.B.D., Fransa ve Hollanda\u2019d\u0131r. \u0130hra\u00e7 edilen \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn % 95\u2019I do\u011fadan % 5\u2019 ise tarla \u00fcretiminden kar\u015f\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r. Do\u011fadan toplanan… <\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

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