{"id":4301,"date":"2017-08-29T15:23:05","date_gmt":"2017-08-29T12:23:05","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ekizfidancilik.com\/tr\/?p=4301"},"modified":"2017-08-30T13:04:35","modified_gmt":"2017-08-30T10:04:35","slug":"malta-erigi-yetistiriciligi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ekizfidancilik.com\/tr\/malta-erigi-yetistiriciligi","title":{"rendered":"Malta Eri\u011fi Yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Anavatan\u0131:<\/strong>Yenid\u00fcnya meyvesinin anavatan\u0131 \u00c7in, Japonya ve Kuzey Hindistan\u2019d\u0131r. Buralardan \u00fcretimin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Akdeniz \u00dclkelerine yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r Yenid\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n \u00fclkemize 150-200 y\u0131l kadar \u00f6nce Cezayir ve L\u00fcbnan\u2019dan geldi\u011fi tahmin ediliyor.<\/p>\n

k\u00f6k :<\/strong>\u00a0sistemi:Yenid\u00fcnyan\u0131n k\u00f6k sistemi, y\u00fczlek ve da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k sa\u00e7ak k\u00f6k yap\u0131s\u0131ndad\u0131r. Kayal\u0131klar aras\u0131nda dahi b\u00fcy\u00fcyebilecek kadar kuvvetli bir geli\u015fme g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

Habitus :<\/strong>Yenid\u00fcnya, 5-10 m boyunda, d\u00fczg\u00fcn g\u00f6vdeli, al\u00e7aktan dallanan, s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcml\u00fc, yayvan ile yuvarlak aras\u0131nda ta\u00e7lanma g\u00f6steren bir a\u011fa\u00e7t\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yapraklar:<\/strong>Yapraklar\u0131 12-30 cm uzunluk ve 5-8 cm geni\u015fli\u011finde sert ve k\u0131sa sapl\u0131d\u0131r.
\n\u00c7i\u00e7ekler:<\/strong>Yenid\u00fcnya \u00e7i\u00e7ekleri ekim ay\u0131 sonunda a\u00e7maya ba\u015flar. \u00c7i\u00e7eklenme, Aral\u0131k, Ocak hatta \u015eubat aylar\u0131na kadar devam edebilir. \u00c7i\u00e7ekler 10-17 cm uzunlu\u011funda odunsu bile\u015fik salk\u0131m \u015feklindedir.
\n\u00c7o\u011fu meyve t\u00fcr\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu gibi yenid\u00fcnyada da kendine verimli, kendine k\u0131s\u0131r ve kendine k\u0131smen verimli \u00e7e\u015fitler bulunur.Yenid\u00fcnya meyveleri Mart-Nisan aylar\u0131ndan, Haziran ay\u0131na kadar olan d\u00f6nemde olgunla\u015f\u0131r.Yenid\u00fcnyalar genellikle a\u015f\u0131land\u0131ntan 2-3 y\u0131l sonra meyve merveme ba\u015flar. 10-12 ya\u015flar\u0131nda ekonomik verime ge\u00e7er. En verimli d\u00f6nemleri ilk 23-25 y\u0131llar\u0131d\u0131r. 30 ya\u015f\u0131ndan sonra ekonomik \u00f6m\u00fcrleri sona erer.<\/p>\n

A\u011fa\u00e7 ba\u015f\u0131na verim;<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e7e\u015fide, a\u011fac\u0131n ya\u015f\u0131na, iklim ve bak\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6sterebilir.<\/p>\n

Ticari yenid\u00fcnya \u00e7e\u015fitlerinden baz\u0131lar\u0131 ve yeti\u015ftiricilik \u00f6zelliklerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralayabiliriz;
\nAkko XIII:<\/strong>\u00a0Orta mevsimde olgunla\u015f\u0131r. Meyveleri; iri, koyu pembe portakal renkli, \u00e7ok g\u00f6steri\u015fli ve lezzetlidir. Ta\u015f\u0131nmaya ve karaleke hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7ok dayan\u0131kl\u0131, kendine verimli bir \u00e7e\u015fittir.<\/p>\n

15-20 ya\u015f\u2019l\u0131 bir bah\u00e7enin verimi, dekara 1300-1400 kg\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Gold Nugget: Ge\u00e7ci bir \u00e7e\u015fit olup, iri koyu k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 portakal renkli, \u00e7ok g\u00f6steri\u015fli, lezzetli meyvelere sahiptir. Ta\u015f\u0131nmaya ve karaleke hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7ok dayan\u0131kl\u0131, kendine verimli bir \u00e7e\u015fittir. 15-20 ya\u015fl\u0131 bir bah\u00e7enin verimi dekara 1200-1300 kg\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Tanaka:<\/strong>\u00a0Ge\u00e7\u00e7i, meyveleri olduk\u00e7a iri, pembe portakal renkli, g\u00f6steri\u015fli ve lezzetlidir. Ta\u015f\u0131nmaya ve karaleke hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na dayan\u0131kl\u0131, kendine verimli bir \u00e7e\u015fittir. 15-20 ya\u015f\u2019l\u0131 bir bah\u00e7enin dekara verimi 1000-1200 kg\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hafif \u00c7ukurg\u00f6bek:<\/strong>\u00a0Erkenci bir \u00e7e\u015fit olup, orta irilikte, pembe portakal renkli, g\u00f6steri\u015fli, \u00e7ok lezzetli, tatl\u0131 meyvelere sahiptir. Ta\u015f\u0131nmaya k\u0131smen uygun, karaleke hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na dayan\u0131kl\u0131, kendine verimli bir \u00e7e\u015fittir. 15-20 ya\u015f\u2019l\u0131 bir bah\u00e7enin dekara verimi 1000-1200 kg\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Sayda:<\/strong>\u00a0Erkenci bir \u00e7e\u015fittir. \u0130ri, pembe-portakal renkli, \u00e7ok tatl\u0131 ve lezzetli meyvelere sahiptir. Ta\u015f\u0131nmaya ve karaleke hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na orta derecede dayan\u0131kl\u0131 bir \u00e7e\u015fittir. Dekara verim 1000-1200 kg\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yuvarlak \u00c7ukurg\u00f6bek:<\/strong>\u00a0Orta mevsimde olgunla\u015f\u0131r. \u0130ri, s\u0131ra-portakal renkli, g\u00f6steri\u015fli ve \u00e7ok lezzetlidir. Ta\u015f\u0131nmaya dayan\u0131ks\u0131z, karaleke hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na orta derecede dayan\u0131kl\u0131, kendine k\u0131smen verimli bir \u00e7e\u015fittir. Dekara verim 700-800 kg\u2019d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Uzun \u00c7ukurg\u00f6bek:<\/strong>\u00a0Orta mevsimde olgunla\u015f\u0131r. Meyveleri iri, a\u00e7\u0131k sar\u0131 renkli, g\u00f6steri\u015fli ve \u00e7ok lezzetlidir. Ta\u015f\u0131nmaya dayan\u0131ks\u0131z, Karaleke hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131na orta derecede dayan\u0131kl\u0131, kendine k\u0131s\u0131r bir \u00e7e\u015fittir. Dekara verim 600-700 kg civar\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130klim iste\u011fi:<\/strong>Yenid\u00fcnya yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi i\u00e7in en uygun iklim, hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n donma noktas\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fmedi\u011fi, s\u0131cak \u0131l\u0131man iklimdir. -3\u00b0C\u2019de \u00e7i\u00e7ekler ve meyveler zarar g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flar. Meyvenin olgunla\u015fma zaman\u0131 olan Nisan, May\u0131s aylar\u0131nda, yaz s\u0131caklar\u0131n\u0131n erken ba\u015flamas\u0131 ve hava s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n 30\u00b0C\u2019nin \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, meyveler \u00fczerinde g\u00fcne\u015f yan\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n meydana gelmesine neden olur. \u015eiddetli r\u00fczgar, tozlanma ve d\u00f6llenme \u00fczerinde olumsuz etki yaparak verimi azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Toprak iste\u011fi:<\/strong>Yenid\u00fcnya yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fi i\u00e7in iyi drene edilmi\u015f, derin, organik maddece zengi, killi-kumlu, gev\u015fek, reaksiyonu n\u00f6tr topraklar tercih edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

k\u00f6k sistemi:<\/strong>yenid\u00fcnyalar\u0131n k\u00f6k sistemi, y\u00fczlek ve da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k sa\u00e7ak yap\u0131da oldu\u011fundan; taban suyu seviyesi 1.5-2 m olan topraklar yeti\u015ftiricili\u011fe uygundur.<\/p>\n

Yenid\u00fcnyalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011falt\u0131lmas\u0131nda en \u00e7ok uygulanan y\u00f6ntem a\u015f\u0131lamad\u0131r. Daha \u00e7ok g\u00f6z ve kalem a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 kllan\u0131l\u0131r.Yenid\u00fcnya \u00e7\u00f6\u011f\u00fcr\u00fc yeti\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in olgun meyvelerden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan \u00e7ekirdekler y\u0131kanarak bekletilmeden do\u011frudan polietilen torbalara veya daha sonra torbalara \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131lmak \u00fczere hafif kumlu tohum tavalar\u0131na ekilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Tohumlar\u00a0hemen ekilmeyecekse, y\u0131kan\u0131p dezenfekte edilerek naylon torbalar i\u00e7inde ve buzdolab\u0131 s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00e7imlenme yeteneklerini kaybetmeden 9 ay s\u00fcre ile saklanabilir.Ekilen tohumlar 1,5-2 ay sonra \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flar. Bu \u00e7\u00f6\u011f\u00fcrler ertesi ilkbaharda \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131lmaya haz\u0131r durumagelir. \u00c7\u00f6\u011f\u00fcrlerin, g\u00fcne\u015fin yak\u0131c\u0131 etkilerinden korunmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yar\u0131 g\u00f6lgelikler alt\u0131nda muhafaza edilmesi erekir.\u00c7\u00f6\u011f\u00fcrler tohum ekiminden 1,5-2 y\u0131l sonra \u00e7aplar\u0131 1-1,5 cm oldu\u011funda a\u015f\u0131ya haz\u0131r hale gelirler. A\u015f\u0131lar ilkbahar ve sonbahar d\u00f6neminde yap\u0131labilir.G\u00f6z a\u015f\u0131s\u0131 olarak \u2018T\u2019 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, Yongal\u0131 a\u015f\u0131 ve yama a\u015f\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r<\/u>.yenid\u00fcnya fidan\u0131 yeti\u015ftirilmesi, dikkat bilgi ve uzun zaman gerektiren bir i\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

Yenid\u00fcnya bah\u00e7esi tesis edilirken\u00a0k\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda so\u011fuk, yaz aylar\u0131nda ise s\u0131cak kurutucu r\u00fczgarlar\u0131n zararlar\u0131ndan korunmak amac\u0131yla r\u00fczgark\u0131ran kurulmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bah\u00e7e tesisinde pazarlama y\u00f6n\u00fcnden amaca uygun \u00e7e\u015fitlerin se\u00e7imi kadar tozlay\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitlerin se\u00e7imi ve bunlar\u0131n uygun \u015fekilde yerle\u015ftirilmesi de \u00f6nemli bir konudur. Uzun \u00c7ukurg\u00f6bek, Hafif \u00c7ukurg\u00f6bek, Akko XIII, Gold Nugget gibi \u00e7e\u015fitler tozlay\u0131c\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131labilir. Amaca uygun bir \u00e7e\u015fidin tozlay\u0131c\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 halinde, 2 s\u0131ra ana \u00e7e\u015fide 1 s\u0131ra tozlay\u0131c\u0131 yeterlidir.<\/p>\n

Yenid\u00fcnya i\u00e7in tavsiye edilen dikim aral\u0131klar\u0131;<\/strong>\u00a0nispeten k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ta\u00e7l\u0131 ve dikine b\u00fcy\u00fcyen Tanaka, Hafif \u00c7ukurg\u00f6bek, Gold Nugget gibi \u00e7e\u015fitler i\u00e7in 7×7 m, Akko XIII, Sayda, Yuvarlak \u00c7ukurg\u00f6bek, Uzun \u00c7ukurg\u00f6bek gibi geni\u015f ta\u00e7l\u0131 yayvan b\u00fcy\u00fcyen \u00e7e\u015fitler i\u00e7in ise 8×8 m\u2019dir. Ancak yeti\u015ftiricilikte tek \u00e7e\u015fitle kapama bah\u00e7e tesisi, \u00fcr\u00fcn emniyeti y\u00f6n\u00fcnden tavsiye edilmedi\u011finden, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k \u00e7e\u015fitlerle bah\u00e7e tesisinde 8×8 m dikim aral\u0131\u011f\u0131 uygundur.<\/p>\n

Dikimden \u00f6nce fidan yerleri i\u015faretlenip \u00fc\u00e7lemesi yap\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra 60 cm derinli\u011finde ve 60 cm geni\u015fli\u011finde \u00e7ukurlar a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. Dikim s\u0131ras\u0131nda, \u00e7ukurun hacmine g\u00f6re 10 Kg civar\u0131nda yanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7iftlik g\u00fcbresi, \u00e7ukur topra\u011f\u0131na kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Dikim s\u0131ras\u0131nda fidan torbada ise torbadan yere ge\u00e7en k\u00f6kler ve fazla k\u00f6kler makasla kesilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Dikim seviyesi;<\/strong>\u00a0fidan\u0131n \u00fcst toprak seviyesi, arazi seviyesinden 5 cm yukar\u0131da kalacak \u015fekilde ayarlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Dikimden sonra, vakit ge\u00e7irilmeden can suyu verilmeli ve fidan g\u00f6vdeleri, ya\u011fmurdan etkilenmeyen ka\u011f\u0131tlarla sar\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Fidan dikimi<\/strong>, k\u0131\u015flar\u0131 \u0131l\u0131k ge\u00e7en yerlerde sonbaharda, k\u0131\u015f\u0131 nispeten serin ge\u00e7en b\u00f6lgelerde ise ilkbaharda yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Budama ,\u015fekil verme:<\/strong>Fidana \u00e7anak \u015feklinin verilebilmesi i\u00e7in fidanlar\u0131n geli\u015fme durumlar\u0131na g\u00f6re araziye dikimden 1 veya 2 y\u0131l sonra ortadaki ana doruk dal dibinden kesilerek \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. Ana doruk dal al\u0131narak, fidana 3 veya 4 dall\u0131 \u00e7anak \u015fekli verilmesi, a\u011fac\u0131n fazla boylanmamas\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla hasat kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flanmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden uygundur. Ta\u00e7 y\u00fcksekli\u011fi 65-75 cm olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ana g\u00f6vdeden s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f yan dallardan a\u011faca iyi bir ta\u00e7 yapabilecek ve aralar\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak ayn\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131 olu\u015fturacak durumdaki 3 veya 4 dal se\u00e7ilerek b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r, geriye kalan yan dallar yine dibinden kesilerek \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. B\u0131rak\u0131lan dallar bir s\u00fcre daha b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fckten sonra ayn\u0131 y\u0131l i\u00e7inde 35-40 cm kalacak \u015fekilde kesilir.<\/p>\n

Sonraki y\u0131llarda budanan dallar \u00fczerinde s\u00fcren s\u00fcrg\u00fcnlerden a\u011fac\u0131n merkezini \u00e7ok s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmayacak ve dengeli bir ta\u00e7 olu\u015fturacak \u015fekilde 2 veya 3 tanesi b\u0131rak\u0131l\u0131r. Geriye kalan s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler ve a\u015f\u0131 noktas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerinde olu\u015fan s\u00fcrg\u00fcnler temizlenir. Daha sonraki y\u0131llarda a\u011fac\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesine fazla m\u00fcdahale gedilmez. En uygun budama zaman\u0131 Mart ay\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yabanc\u0131 ot m\u00fccadelesi<\/strong><\/p>\n

K\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131 boyunca yabani otlar ile kapl\u0131 toprak ilkbaharda k\u00f6klere zarar vermeyecek \u015fekilde y\u00fczlek olarak s\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir. Daha sonra toprak otland\u0131k\u00e7a sonbahara kadar y\u00fczlek olarak toprak i\u015flemeye devam edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Sulama<\/strong>
\n\u0130klim ve toprak \u00e7e\u015fidine g\u00f6re Nisan ay\u0131ndan Ekim ay\u0131na kadar 7-10 g\u00fcn aral\u0131klarla fidan\u0131n k\u00f6k derinli\u011fi olan 30-50 cm\u2019yi \u0131slatacak miktarda sulama yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yeti\u015fkin yenid\u00fcnya bah\u00e7esi i\u00e7in ise en uygun sulama \u015fekli tava y\u00f6ntemidir. Ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n sona erme zaman\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131narak sulamaya Nisan, May\u0131s aylar\u0131nda ba\u015flanmal\u0131, hava ve topra\u011f\u0131n nem durumuna g\u00f6re 15-20 g\u00fcn ara ile ya\u011f\u0131\u015flara kadar tekrarlanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcbreleme<\/strong>\u00a0i\u00e7in bah\u00e7e tesis edilmeden \u00f6nce ve ilk y\u0131llarda toprak analizi sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak daha sonra fidanlar b\u00fcy\u00fcy\u00fcp verime ge\u00e7tiklerinde toprak analizi ile birlikte yaprak analizlerinin de yap\u0131lmas\u0131 mutlaka gereklidir.Bunun m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda g\u00fcbreleme \u015fu \u015fekilde yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

I. Y\u0131l: Fidan ba\u015f\u0131na y\u0131lda toplam 150 gr amonyum s\u00fclfat. Her sulamada bir fidan ba\u015f\u0131na 25 gr amonyum s\u00fclfat olarak verilmelidir.<\/p>\n

II. Y\u0131l: Fidan Ba\u015f\u0131na y\u0131lda toplam 300 gr amonyum s\u00fclfat, \u015eubat Temmuz aylar\u0131 aras\u0131 4 defada sulamayla birlikte verilmelidir.<\/p>\n

III. Y\u0131l: Fidan ba\u015f\u0131na toplam 500 gr amonyum s\u00fclfat \u015eubat-Temmuz aylar\u0131nda 4 defada sulamayla birlikte verilmelidir.<\/p>\n

4-6 ya\u015fl\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7lar i\u00e7in ise; Temmuz ay\u0131nda 400-800 gr, Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda 100-200 gr ve \u015eubat ay\u0131nda 100-200 gr amonyum s\u00fclfat, A\u011fustos-Eyl\u00fcl aylar\u0131nda 135-225 gr Triple s\u00fcper fosfat, A\u011fustos-Eyl\u00fcl aylar\u0131nda 120-240 gr Potasyum s\u00fclfat uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

7-12 ya\u015fl\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7lar i\u00e7in; Temmuz ay\u0131nda 1300-2000 gr, Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda 500-750 gr ve \u015eubat ay\u0131nda 500-750 gr amonyum s\u00fclfat, A\u011fustos-Eyl\u00fcl aylar\u0131nda 275-325 gr Triple s\u00fcper fosfat, yine A\u011fustos-Eyl\u00fcl aylar\u0131nda 360-540 gr Potasyum s\u00fclfat uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

12 ya\u015ftan b\u00fcy\u00fck a\u011fa\u00e7lar i\u00e7in; Temmuz ay\u0131nda 2000 gr, Kas\u0131m ay\u0131nda 1000 gr ve \u015eubat ay\u0131nda 1000 gr amonyum s\u00fclfat, A\u011fustos-Eyl\u00fcl aylar\u0131nda 400 gr Triple s\u00fcper fosfat, yine A\u011fustos-Eyl\u00fcl aylar\u0131nda 600 gr Potasyum s\u00fclfat uygulanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Hasat<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hasat edilecek meyvelerin, \u00e7e\u015fide has normal b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fck ve rengini alm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 laz\u0131md\u0131r.En uygun hasat \u015fekli, meyve \u00fczerinde 2-3 mm sap kalacak \u015fekilde makasla kesilerek yap\u0131lan hasatt\u0131r.Hasat edilen meyveler iki boya ayr\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. 1. s\u0131n\u0131f diyebilece\u011fimiz en iri, hastal\u0131ks\u0131z ve g\u00f6steri\u015fli meyveler se\u00e7ilerek, berelenmeden kutulara yerle\u015ftirilmelidir.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ambalajlama<\/strong>
\nAmbalajlamada, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck karton kutular kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Yak\u0131n pazarlar i\u00e7in 10-12 kg\u2019l\u0131k sand\u0131k ambajlajlarkullan\u0131labilir.Yenid\u00fcnya meyvelerinin hasattan hemen sonra, bekletilmeden pazarlanmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc, di\u011fer baz\u0131 meyve t\u00fcrlerine oranla muhafaza s\u00fcreleri daha k\u0131sad\u0131r. Kapama bah\u00e7e tesisinde, erkenci \u00e7e\u015fitlerin se\u00e7imi \u00f6nemli olmakla birlikte, pazarlama kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden farkl\u0131 zamanlarda olgunla\u015fan \u00e7e\u015fitleri bir arada bulundurmak faydal\u0131d\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece hasat zaman\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k olmayaca\u011f\u0131ndan, olgunla\u015fan meyvelerin d\u00fczenli \u015fekilde pazarlanmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olur.<\/p>\n

Hastal\u0131k ve zararl\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yenid\u00fcnyan\u0131n en \u00f6nemli ve hemen hemen tek hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 karalekedir. Hastal\u0131k ile m\u00fccadele edilmez ise a\u011fa\u00e7lar giderek verimden d\u00fc\u015fer, \u00e7\u0131plak, verimsiz hale gelir.En \u00f6nemli zararl\u0131lar\u0131 Sar\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7 kurdu (Zeuzera pyrina) ve Yaprak bitleridir.Karaleke ile m\u00fccadelede ilk olarak k\u00fclt\u00fcrel \u00f6nlemlere dikkat edilmelidir. Bunun i\u00e7in budama art\u0131klar\u0131 ve bir y\u0131l \u00f6nceden kalan mumya meyveler toplanmal\u0131 ve yak\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Anavatan\u0131:Yenid\u00fcnya meyvesinin anavatan\u0131 \u00c7in, Japonya ve Kuzey Hindistan\u2019d\u0131r. Buralardan \u00fcretimin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Akdeniz \u00dclkelerine yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r Yenid\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n \u00fclkemize 150-200 y\u0131l kadar \u00f6nce Cezayir ve L\u00fcbnan\u2019dan geldi\u011fi tahmin ediliyor. k\u00f6k :\u00a0sistemi:Yenid\u00fcnyan\u0131n k\u00f6k sistemi, y\u00fczlek ve da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k sa\u00e7ak k\u00f6k yap\u0131s\u0131ndad\u0131r. Kayal\u0131klar aras\u0131nda dahi b\u00fcy\u00fcyebilecek kadar kuvvetli bir geli\u015fme g\u00f6sterir. Habitus :Yenid\u00fcnya, 5-10 m boyunda, d\u00fczg\u00fcn g\u00f6vdeli, al\u00e7aktan dallanan, s\u0131k… <\/p>\n

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